In other words, the medium is composed of parts that are capable of interacting with each other. The interactions of one particle of the medium with the next adjacent particle allow the disturbance to travel through the medium. In the case of the slinky wave, the particles or interacting parts of the medium are the individual coils of the slinky.
In the case of a sound wave in air, the particles or interacting parts of the medium are the individual molecules of air. And in the case of a stadium wave , the particles or interacting parts of the medium are the fans in the stadium.
Consider the presence of a wave in a slinky. The first coil becomes disturbed and begins to push or pull on the second coil; this push or pull on the second coil will displace the second coil from its equilibrium position. As the second coil becomes displaced, it begins to push or pull on the third coil; the push or pull on the third coil displaces it from its equilibrium position.
As the third coil becomes displaced, it begins to push or pull on the fourth coil. This process continues in consecutive fashion, with each individual particle acting to displace the adjacent particle. Subsequently, the disturbance travels through the medium. The medium can be pictured as a series of particles connected by springs. As one particle moves, the spring connecting it to the next particle begins to stretch and apply a force to its adjacent neighbor.
As this neighbor begins to move, the spring attaching this neighbor to its neighbor begins to stretch and apply a force on its adjacent neighbor. When a wave is present in a medium that is, when there is a disturbance moving through a medium , the individual particles of the medium are only temporarily displaced from their rest position. There is always a force acting upon the particles that restores them to their original position.
In a slinky wave, each coil of the slinky ultimately returns to its original position. In a water wave, each molecule of the water ultimately returns to its original position. And in a stadium wave , each fan in the bleacher ultimately returns to its original position.
It is for this reason, that a wave is said to involve the movement of a disturbance without the movement of matter. The particles of the medium water molecules, slinky coils, stadium fans simply vibrate about a fixed position as the pattern of the disturbance moves from one location to another location.
Waves are said to be an energy transport phenomenon. As a disturbance moves through a medium from one particle to its adjacent particle, energy is being transported from one end of the medium to the other. In a slinky wave, a person imparts energy to the first coil by doing work upon it. The first coil receives a large amount of energy that it subsequently transfers to the second coil. When the first coil returns to its original position, it possesses the same amount of energy as it had before it was displaced.
The first coil transferred its energy to the second coil. The second coil then has a large amount of energy that it subsequently transfers to the third coil. When the second coil returns to its original position, it possesses the same amount of energy as it had before it was displaced. The third coil has received the energy of the second coil. This process of energy transfer continues as each coil interacts with its neighbor.
In this manner, energy is transported from one end of the slinky to the other, from its source to another location. This characteristic of a wave as an energy transport phenomenon distinguishes waves from other types of phenomenon. Consider a common phenomenon observed at a softball game - the collision of a bat with a ball. A batter is able to transport energy from her to the softball by means of a bat. The batter applies a force to the bat, thus imparting energy to the bat in the form of kinetic energy.
The bat then carries this energy to the softball and transports the energy to the softball upon collision. In this example, a bat is used to transport energy from the player to the softball. However, unlike wave phenomena, this phenomenon involves the transport of matter.
The bat must move from its starting location to the contact location in order to transport energy. In a wave phenomenon, energy can move from one location to another, yet the particles of matter in the medium return to their fixed position. A wave transports its energy without transporting matter. And solitary waves that dissipate a minor amount of energy into the medium, have low dispersion, and are able to maintain their shape over distance are called ' solitons '.
A vortex ring is a good and interesting example of a solition. Considering Fourier analysis, all types of waves, including pulses can be modeled by mathematics. A single vibration is called pulse and continued vibration of a particle in medium is called wave.
A pulse refers to a disturbance that travel from one location to another location through a medium. While, A wave refers to the disturbance or variation that travels through the medium. A wave is a disturbance that causes transfer of energy through space while a pulse is as a result of a single vibration sent through a medium.
A pulse is actually a disturbance made up of a very large number of waves of different frequencies. When all of these waves are in phase we get the peak of the pulse.
With the passage of time the various waves get out of phase and so the pulse disappears. Sign up to join this community.
The best answers are voted up and rise to the top. Stack Overflow for Teams — Collaborate and share knowledge with a private group. Create a free Team What is Teams? Learn more. What is the difference between a pulse and a wave? If the oscillations are perpendicular to the plane of propagation, the waves are known as transverse waves.
Water waves and electromagnetic waves are transverse waves. The waves with oscillations occurring parallel to the direction of propagation is known as longitudinal waves. Sound waves and seismic waves are examples of longitudinal waves. These quantities are related to each other by a simple formula. Frequency is a characteristic of a wave, and the speed of a wave is determined by the properties of the medium. Therefore, wavelength of a wave is determined by the speed of the wave in the medium and the frequency of the wave.
Amplitude also is a property of the wave, which is a measure of the strength or the energy stored in the wave. The movement of wave in space is precisely described by the wave equation. Furthermore, waves undergo physical phenomena known as reflection, refraction, diffraction, and interference. The shape of the wave throughout a period is known as waveform.
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